Anatomy:
Capsule, volar plate, UCL, RCL, EPB tendon, adductor pollicis aponeurosis
UCL tear:
Also known as gamekeepers' thumb
Mechanism: forceful abduction
Most common site: distal rupture, and the ligament is retracted proximally
True coronal plane through 1st MCPJ is essential
UCL is retracted
If deep to adductor aponeurosis, its simple rupture (game keepers' thumb)
If superficial to adductor aponeurosis (entrapped by adductor pollicis aponeurosis), its Stener's lesion
Other changes: avulsion fracture, volar subluxation of the joint
Stener's lesion:
Occurs in about 50% of complete UCL tears
Common in skiers
Grading:
Gr 1: ligament strain/ stretch
Gr 2: incomplete tear
Gr 3: complete rupture +/- Stener's lesion
