Most common injury - anterior TFL (2/3rd), combination of TFL and CFL (20%), posterior TFL (rare)
Common surgeries: direct repair of anterior TFL and/or CFL, attachment of tendon or retinaculum to bone or rerouting through bone tunnels (stabilization)
Brostrom procedure - direct repair of anterior TFL by shortening, apposing and suturing the two ends of torn ligament with or without similar direct repair of CFL. Lateral extensor retinaculum and lateral TCL to reinforce (modified Brostrom procedure). Augmentation with periosteal flaps may be used.
Plain radiograph - suture anchors in the region of lateral malleolus.
US - shadowing from suture with intact ligament fibers between fibula and talus
MR - artifact from sutures anchors, but can simulate fibular tunnel
Peroneus brevis in lateral ankle strengthening
References:
Chien AJ et al. Imaging Appearances of Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction. RadioGraphics 2004;24:999-1008
